Changes

Two Way Radio Antenna Cable

11,669 bytes added, 23:52, 17 November 2015
/* LMR-240, 200 and 195 */
The following lines were added (+) and removed (-):
* Attenuation of Coaxial Transmission LineAttenuation is the reduction in the strength of a signal.  Attenuation of RF cable refers to signal loss.  The coaxial cable is used to transfer power between the radio and antenna, in one direction, at any given time.  Due to limitations of the cable, some power is lost along the length of the RF cable, known as attenuation.  == RG-59 ==Attenuation is defined in terms of decibels per unit length, and at a given frequency and 100 ft length is a common reference for comparison since the longer the cable the more attenuation occurs.  Used for low-power video and RF signal connections. The cable has a characteristic impedance of 75Ω (ohm)s, and a capacitance of around 20pF/ft (60pF/m). ==Attenuation Charts=====Common Cable Attenuation Chart===Commonly known as old cable TV coaxial cable or CCTV cable.{| class="dataTable" width="95%"! colspan="7" | Table of data for common coax cable types|-! width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Coax Type! width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Characteristic<br />impedance! width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Outside<br />diameter! width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Velocity<br />factor! width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Atten<br />@ 100 MHz! width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Atten<br />@ 1000 MHz! width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Comments|-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG5/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 52.5| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 8.4| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.0| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 3.8| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG9/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 51.0| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 10.7| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 2.4| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG10A/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 12.1| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 2.6| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG20A/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 30.4| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.22| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.2| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG58C/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 5.0| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.8| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 7.6| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG119| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 11.8| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.5| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.8| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG120| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 13.3| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.5| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.8| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG122| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 4.1| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.7| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 5.5| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG213/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 10.3| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.62| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 2.6| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Polythene dielectric|-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG214/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 10.8| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.76| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 2.9| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Double screened, silver plated copper wire|-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | RG223/U| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 5.5| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.58| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 5.4| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" || width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | UR43| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 5| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.3| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 4.46| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | UR67| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 10.3| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 2.52| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Similar to RG213/U|-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | UR74| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 51| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 22.1| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.33| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.4| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | UR76| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 51| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 5| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.66| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 1.7| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 7.3| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | Similar to RG58C/U|-| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | UR79| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 50| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 21.7| width="15%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.96| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.17| width="12%" align="CENTER" valign="center" | 0.6| width="28%" align="CENTER" valign="center" ||}Not suitable for most two-way radio application.===VHF / UHF / GHz Attenuation Chart===*  dB loss per 100 ft== RG-6/U =={| border="3" | width="122" | '''Cable Type'''| width="76" | '''144 MHz'''| width="76" | '''220 MHz'''| width="76" | '''450 MHz'''| width="76" | '''915 MHz'''| width="76" | '''1.2 GHz'''| width="76" | '''2.4 GHz'''| width="74" | '''5.8 GHz'''|-| width="122" | '''RG-58'''| width="76" |6.2| width="76" |7.4| width="76" |10.6| width="76" |16.5| width="76" |21.1| width="76" |32.2| width="74" |51.6|-| width="122" | '''RG-8X'''| width="76" |4.7| width="76" |6.0| width="76" |8.6| width="76" |12.8| width="76" |15.9| width="76" |23.1| width="74" |40.9|-| width="122" | '''LMR-240'''| width="76" |3.0| width="76" |3.7| width="76" |5.3| width="76" |7.6| width="76" |9.2| width="76" |12.9| width="74" |20.4|-| width="122" | '''RG-213/214'''| width="76" |2.8| width="76" |3.5| width="76" |5.2| width="76" |8.0| width="76" |10.1| width="76" |15.2| width="74" |28.6|-| width="122" | '''9913'''| width="76" |1.6| width="76" |1.9| width="76" |2.8| width="76" |4.2| width="76" |5.2| width="76" |7.7| width="74" |13.8|-| width="122" | '''LMR-400'''| width="76" |1.5| width="76" |1.8| width="76" |2.7| width="76" |3.9| width="76" |4.8| width="76" |6.8| width="74" |10.8|-| width="122" | '''3/8" LDF'''| width="76" |1.3| width="76" |1.6| width="76" |2.3| width="76" |3.4| width="76" |4.2| width="76" |5.9| width="74" |8.1|-| width="122" | '''LMR-600'''| width="76" |0.96| width="76" |1.2| width="76" |1.7| width="76" |2.5| width="76" |3.1| width="76" |4.4| width="74" |7.3|-| width="122" | '''1/2" LDF (Heliax)'''| width="76" |0.85| width="76" |1.1| width="76" |1.5| width="76" |2.2| width="76" |2.7| width="76" |3.9| width="74" |6.6|-| width="122" | '''7/8" LDF (Heliax)'''| width="76" |0.46| width="76" |0.56| width="76" |0.83| width="76" |1.2| width="76" |1.5| width="76" |2.3| width="74" |3.8|-| width="122" | '''1 1/4" LDF (Heliax)'''| width="76" |0.34| width="76" |0.42| width="76" |0.62| width="76" |0.91| width="76" |1.1| width="76" |1.7| width="74" |2.8|-| width="122" | '''1 5/8" LDF (Heliax)'''| width="76" |0.28| width="76" |0.35| width="76" |0.52| width="76" |0.77| width="76" |0.96| width="76" |1.4| width="74" |2.5|}A larger family of cable design not specific to one in particular.  RG-6 and RG-6/U are the same.  The cable family has a characteristic impedance of 75Ω.  It has a smaller conductor and the dielectric insulation is thicker than RG-59.  It was made to work better with broadband data and satellite application.  Handles frequencies higher than 50Mhz better than RG-59.==Cable Options to Antenna==Commonly known as small dish satellite TV cable.===RG-58===thin, 50Ω, somewhat lossyNot suitable for most two-way radio application.Used for low power signal and RF connections. The cable has a characteristic impedance of either 50Ω or 52Ω. RG-58 CB coaxial is an affordable choice for basic CB installations.  RG-58 (CB cable) has a high loss factor in VHF and UHF frequencies, so it really only is useful in runs less than 50 feet for frequencies above 100 MHz, and 20 feet for frequencies above 400 MHz.  == RG-58 ==Because it is flexible and thin, this cable is often used for vehicle installations.  Suitable for vehicle installs for CB radio and HF amateur radio.Used for low power signal and RF connections. The cable has a characteristic impedance of either 50Ω or 52Ω. RG-58 CB coaxial is an affordable choice for basic CB installations.  RG-58 (CB cable) has a high loss factor in VHF and UHF frequencies, so it really only is useful in runs less than 50 feet for frequencies above 100 MHz, and 20 feet for frequencies above 400 MHz.  In ham radio you typically only see RG-58 being used for short jumper connections, such as 3ft between an SWR/Power meter and a transceiver, or an antenna matching unit.== RG-8/U =====RG-8x / Mini-8===thin, This cable is .242" diameter with a #16 AWG stranded center conductor and a foam dielectric. ===RG-8/U===thick, 50Ω, low loss  This cable is suitable for 50-75 foot runs in the VHF/UHF range.  The cable is considered by some to be obsolete.  The cable has a characteristic impedance of 50Ω.  This cable is .405" in diameter with a #13 AWG center conductor and a solid polyethylene dielectric.  RG8x is 50 Ohm cable that is about the same physical size as RG6. It is fairly high loss however and is not that well suited for 70cm except in short runs, however, is suitable for longer runs in the VHF 2m band.  RG8 (RG213) is larger 50 Ohm cable that has less loss than RG8X. ===RG-213=== * thick, 50Ω, lower loss RG-213 is pretty much the standard in ham radio coaxial cable for HF, and short runs of VHF due to price and general application.  It is considered to be a replacement to RG-8 and much better suited for both VHF and UHF operation.  The cable has a characteristic impedance of 50Ω.  The specifications for RG-213 are tight as compared to RG-8, increasing the consistency from one manufacturer to the next.  RG213 is low loss cable with a non-contaminating jacket. Commonly used for Amateur Radio. ===UR-67=== ===LMR-400===thick, 50Ω, very low loss  There are different forms of Times Microwave LMR400. Standard LMR400 has a copper covered solid aluminum center conductor. LMR400/UF has a stranded copper center conductor, designed to replace Belden 9913.  Standard LMR 400 Coax will have .7 dB loss at 30 MHz, with a length of 100 Feet.This cable is suitable for 50-75 foot runs in the VHF/UHF range.  The cable is considered by some to be obsolete.  The cable has a characteristic impedance of 50Ω.Commonly used for Amateur Radio for 2m, 70cm, and above frequencyRG8x is 50 Ohm cable that is about the same physical size as RG6. It is fairly high loss however and is not that well suited for 70cm except in short runs, however, is suitable for longer runs in the VHF 2m band.  RG8 (RG213) is larger 50 Ohm cable that has less loss than RG8X.    ===Belden 9913===thick, 50Ω, very low loss  == RG-213 ==His similar attenuation characteristics to LMR-400.  People tend to prefer LMR-400 as a replacement for Belden 9913.  Some reasons include that Belden 9913 has a solid center conductor making it less flexible and Belden 9913 is more moisture prone.  The 9913 dielectric is somewhat more fragile than the cellular polyethylene LMR400 dielectric, however, Belden 9913F also has a polyethylene foam dielectric.  Considered to be a replacement to RG-8 and much better suited for both VHF and UHF operation. The cable has a characteristic impedance of 50Ω.  The specifications for RG-213 are tight as compared to RG-8, increasing the consistency from one manufacturer to the next.  RG213 is low loss cable with a non-contaminating jacket. * .405" diameter with a #10AWG center conductor== UR-67 ====Jumper (Patch) Cable==From the transceiver to an antenna matching unit, swr, power meter, or linear amplifier, the use of a short, flexible jumper cable is needed.  These tend to have higher attenuation, the tradeoff being flexibility for signal loss.  At lengths of 3ft to 6ft the attenuation is negligible.  == LMR-400 =====RG-58===CB and jumper for ham radio.  Lossy.== Belden 9913 =====LMR-240, 200 and 195===Because LMR-400 is thick and can put a lot of stress on the connectors of equipment, thinner more flexible alternatives are preferred for jumper use.  LMR-195 is thin and flexible.  RFC195 is LMR-195 equivalent and suitable for jumpers on 2m and 70cm application in lengths of 6ft or less.  LMR-195 has less attenuation than does RG-58U at all frequencies.  At CB frequencies it is 1.8 vs 2.5 and at 70cm ham it is 4.8 vs 7.4.  LMR-195 has lower loss than other RG ‘58’ type cables. This is achieved through the use of a high velocity dielectric and a bonded aluminum tape outer conductor.
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