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== Satellite TV Downlink Dishes ==The photograph below shows a small dish farm at the Army National Guard - Camp Robinson, in Little Rock, Arkansas.[[Image:ArmyNatGuCRLittleRock.jpg]]The solid dish on the left and the mesh dish on the right are steerable C/Ku analog dishes that use the older, but still very viable analog satellite signals. The operators are able to rotate these dishes across the "Van Allen" arc to capture unscrambled programming from satellites like Galaxy 6, Spacenet 4, SBS6, or the Telstar Series. These satellites are operated by companies like Hughes, PanAmSat or Loral.The center dish is a fixed ground mounted Compressed Digital Video (CDV) dish that does not move. It is focused on only one satellite (Telstar 4) that services the military and Government and Education Training Networks. It’s programming signal is digital and is encrypted or closed to public use. .=== 34 x 39 cm / 13.5 x 15.5 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0011.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Portable Camping Satellite Dish <BR>claims to have same signal strenght as an 18" dish <BR>this one includes dual LNB|}.=== 46 x 46 cm / 18 x 18 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0010.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Ariza single LNB dish|}.=== 50.8 x 50.8 cm / 20 x 20 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0003.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Dish Network DISH 500 Antenna <BR>20" Winegard Satellite <BR>DishPro Twin (for 110, 119)|}.=== 60 x 60 cm / 24 x 24 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0001.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Triax TD64 dish|}.| Example: Dish Network DISH 500 Plus Antenna| Example: <BR><BR>Dish Network DISH 500 Plus Antenna.=== 85 x 85 cm / 33.5 x 33.5 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0006.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Transparent 85cm dish|}.=== 90 x 90 cm / 35.4 x 35.4 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0005.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Triax TD 78|}.=== 90 x 90 cm / 36 x 36 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0012.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>Fortec Star 90U <BR>Ku Offset Dish Antenna & <BR>Sadoun Standard KUL1 LNBF|}.=== 99 x 99 cm / 39 x 39 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0013.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>39" GOSPELL Ku band dish with DSS LNB <BR>Gain(>40dB at 12.5G)|}.=== 180 x 180 cm / 70.9 x 70.9 in ==={|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0007.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR> 1.8m offset fixed <BR>Channel Master dish|}.=== 230 x 230 cm / 90 x 90 in ===''(2.3 meter / 7.5 ft)''{|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0004.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>7.5' ft C/Ku Band Antenna <BR>F/D Ratio .38, Mainlobe Beamwidth: <BR>* C Band: 2.138 degrees, * Ku Band: .76 degrees <BR>Intermediate Band<BR><BR>''(prime focus)''|}.=== 60 x 60 cm / 24 x 24 in ====== 305 x 305 cm / 120 x 120 in ===''(3 meter / 10 ft)''| [[Image:tvsatdishref0001.jpg]]| [[Image:tvsatdishref0014.jpg]]| Example: Triax TD64 dish| Example: <BR><BR>Sami CBAND 10ft Polar Mount <BR># C Band: 1.749 degrees <BR># Ku Band .583 degrees <BR>Weight: 105 pounds <BR><BR>''(prime focus)''.=== 366 x 366 cm / 144 x 144 in ===''(3.7 meter / 12 ft)''{|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0016.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>12 foot C band Satellite Dish <BR><BR>''(prime focus)''|}.=== 472 x 472 cm / 186 x 186 in ===''(4.7 meter / 14 ft)''{|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0009.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>14' fiberglass <BR><BR>''(prime focus)''|}.=== 500 x 500 cm / 196 x 196 in ===''(5 meter / 16.5 ft)''{|| [[Image:tvsatdishref0015.jpg]]| Example: <BR><BR>5 meter dish <BR><BR>''(prime focus)''|}. == BUD: Big Ugly Dish ==A big ugly dish (often abbreviated to BUD) is a colloquial name for a satellite dish used to receive satellite television signals from FSS-type satellites on the C band. BUDs are usually about ten feet or three metres in diameter and have been a source of much consternation (even local zoning disputes) to neighbors of those with the dishes. Although some dishes are made of fiberglass, a common alternative is a metal mesh — such BUDs shed snow and suffer reduced wind loads; in addition, some critics consider them less unsightly.Recently, DBS services have reduced or eliminated the need for BUDs. Signals from DBS satellites (operating in the Ku band) are higher in power and therefore require smaller dishes than C band, and the digital signals now used require far less signal strength at the receiver. General advancements in noise abatement have also had an effect. For these reasons, significantly smaller dishes are now used for home satellite reception.A dual-band or Ku band LNB may be retrofitted to some big dishes, however there is a more restrictive maximum mesh size (anything less than the diameter of a pencil) if anything other than a solid dish is used at these shorter wavelengths. Usually, a solid fiberglass or spun aluminum dish is ideal for dual-band LNB operation.C band is in the microwave range of frequencies ranging from 4 to 8 GHz. It was the first frequency band allocated for commercial ground-to-satellite communications. A typical C-band satellite uses 3.7–4.2 GHz for downlink, and 5.925–6.425 Ghz for uplink. C band is often used for Television receive-only, or TVRO, as discussed here.If you're looking for C band equipment, consider buying used. Due to the popularity of digital satellite systems, people are selling or sometimes giving away their old C band equipment. Two excellent, used receiver brands to look for are General Instrument, Drake, and Uniden. Avoid systems made prior to around 1992, off brand equipment, and broken systems. Popular brands will usually mean that a large stockpile of repair parts are available. Refer to our [[C-Band Satellite Information]] page for more details.Ku Band is also in the microwave range of frequencies. It ranges from 12.0 to 18.0 GHz. Ku band satellites are also used for backhauls and particularly for satellite from remote locations back to a television network's studio for editing and broadcasting. The 12.2 to 12.7 GHz (LOF 11.250 GHz) segment is allocated to the BSS (broadcasting satellite service). BSS/DBS direct broadcast satellites normally carry 16 to 32 transponders of 27 MHz bandwidth running at 100 to 240 watts of power, allowing the use of receiver antennas as small as 18 inches (450 mm). [[Category:Electronics]][[Category:Consumer Electronics]][[Category:Satellite & Cable TV]]